↑Sawyer, Roy T. (1986) , Leech Biology and Behaviour, vol. 2
↑Klemm, Donald J. (1972) Freshwater Leeches (Annelida: Hirudinea) of North America, Water Pollution Control Research Series, Biota of Freshwater Ecosystems, Identification Manual, 8
↑ 5.05.1Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (ed.) (2011). "Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist". Species 2000: Reading, UK. Ginkuhà 24 Septyembre 2012.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
↑ITIS: The Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Orrell T. (custodian), 26 Abril 2011