- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Smith-Vaniz, W.F. (1986) Carangidae., p. 638-661. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Ly, B., M. Diop and M. Girardin (1996) Guide et nomenclature nationale commerciale des especes marines (poissons, crustaces et mollusques) pechees en Mauritanie., Centre National de Recherches Oceanographiques et des Peches, Ministere des Peches et de l'Economie Maritime. 189 p.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Smith-Vaniz, W.F., J.-C. Quéro and M. Desoutter (1990) Carangidae., p. 729-755. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (ed.) (2011). "Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist". Species 2000: Reading, UK. Ginkuhà 24 Septyembre 2012.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
- ↑ FishBase. Froese R. & Pauly D. (eds), 14 Hunyo 2011