- ↑ Sahlberg J. (1900) Catalogus Coleopterorum faunae fennicae geographicus, Acta Societas pro Fauna et Flora Fennica. Helsingfors 19(4):1-132
- ↑ Mulsant E. (1842) Histoire naturelle des Coléoptères de France. Lamellicornes, Paris, Lyon :1-623
- ↑ Linnaeus C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio X., Laurentii Salvi, Holmiae :1-824
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (ed.) (2011). "Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist". Species 2000: Reading, UK. Ginkuhà 24 Septyembre 2012.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
- ↑ Scarabs: World Scarabaeidae Database. Schoolmeesters P., 30 Mayo 2011