An apartheid amo an sistem politikal ha Salatan Afrika nga diin an mga tawo ginbabahin tungod ha ira lahi ngan ginbubulag han balaud. Ini nga legal nga surundan ginpatuman tikang ha 1948 ngadto ha 1994, pero aada na an paglalain han tawo san-o pa hito nga panahon. An sistema ginagamit ha diri paghatag hin mga katungod ha mga diri-busag it lahi. An balaud gintutugotan an busag it lahi nga paiwason an mga itom nga mayorya ha pipira nga lugar. An mga itom kinahanglan magdara hin mga papeles o pantugot para magukoy o magtrabaho ha pinili nga lugar.

Pinanbasaran igliwat

Padugang nga barasahon igliwat

  • Davenport, T. R. H. South Africa. A Modern History. MacMillan, 1977.
  • Davies, Rob, Dan O'Meara and Sipho Dlamini. The Struggle For South Africa: A reference guide to movements, organisations and institution. Volume Two. London: Zed Books, 1984
  • De Klerk, F. W. The last Trek. A New Beginning. MacMillan, 1998.
  • Du Pre, R. H. Separate but Unequal—The 'Coloured' People of South Africa—A Political History.. Jonathan Ball, 1994.
  • Eiselen, W. W. N. The Meaning of Apartheid, Race Relations, 15 (3), 1948.
  • Federal Research Division. South Africa – a country study. Library of Congress, 1996.
  • Giliomee, Herman The Afrikaners. Hurst & Co., 2003.
  • Hazlett, Thomas W. (2008). Apartheid. The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics (2nd ed.). Library of Economics and Liberty. ISBN 978-0865976658. OCLC 237794267. http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/Apartheid.html. 
  • Hexham, Irving, The Irony of Apartheid: The Struggle for National Independence of Afrikaner Calvinism against British Imperialism." Edwin Mellen, 1981.
  • Louw, P. Eric. The Rise, Fall and Legacy of Apartheid. Praeger, 2004.
  • Lapchick, Richard and Urdang, Stephanie. Oppression and Resistance. The Struggle of Women in Southern Africa. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. 1982.
  • Bernstein, Hilda. For their Triumphs and for their Tears: Women in Apartheid South Africa. International Defence and Aid Fund for Southern Africa. London, 1985.
  • Meredith, Martin. In the name of apartheid: South Africa in the postwar period. 1st US ed. New York: Harper & Row, 1988.
  • Meredith, Martin. The State of Africa. The Free Press, 2005.
  • Morris, Michael. Apartheid: An illustrated history. Jonathan Ball Publishers. Johannesburg and Cape Town, 2012.
  • Newbury, Darren. Defiant Images: Photography and Apartheid South Africa, University of South Africa (UNISA) Press, 2009.
  • O'Meara, Dan. Forty Lost Years : The National Party and the Politics of the South African State, 1948–1994. Athens: Ohio University Press, 1996.
  • Terreblanche, S. A History of Inequality in South Africa, 1652–2002. University of Natal Press, 2003.
  • Visser, Pippa. In search of history. Oxford University Press Southern Africa, 2003.
  • Williams, Michael. Book: Crocodile Burning. 1994

Mga sumpay ha gawas igliwat

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