- ↑ Horn G.H. (1887) A monograph of the Aphodiini inhabiting the United States, Transactions of the American Entomological Society 14(1):1-110
- ↑ LeConte J.L. (1858) Descriptions of New species of Coleoptera, chiefly collected by the United States and Mexican Boudary Commission, under Major W.H.Emory, U.S.A., Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 10:59-89
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (ed.) (2011). "Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist". Species 2000: Reading, UK. Ginkuhà 24 Septyembre 2012.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
- ↑ Scarabs: World Scarabaeidae Database. Schoolmeesters P., 30 Mayo 2011