- ↑ Péringuey L. (1901) Descriptive catalogue of the Coleoptera of South Africa, Transactions of the South African philosophical Society. Cape Town 12:1-563
- ↑ D'Orbigny H. (1902) Mémoire sur les Onthophagides d'Afrique, Annales de la Société entomologique de France. Paris 71(1-2):1-324
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (ed.) (2011). "Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist". Species 2000: Reading, UK. Ginkuhà 24 Septyembre 2012.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
- ↑ Scarabs: World Scarabaeidae Database. Schoolmeesters P., 30 Mayo 2011