Mahatma Gandhi
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Hi Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (ha Gujarati: મોહનદાસ કરમચંદ ગાંધી; ginromanisar: mohandās karamcaṃd gāndhī, IPA nga kaluwas: /moːhənd̪aːs kərəmtʃənd̪ gaːnd̪ʱiː/) (Oktubre 2 1869 – Enero 30, 1948) usa nga nangunguna nga politikanhon ngan ispiritwal nga namuno ha India ngan han Indian Independence Movement. Hiya an ginsisiringa nga amay han India, ngan talagsa ginngangaranan nga "Bapu," nga buot sidngon "amay" ha Gujarati. Hiya an pionyero[2] ngan naghimo nga hinpit han Satyagraha — pagsupil pinaagi hin mass civil disobedience o dako nga diri-pagtuod nga sibil nga nahatukod ha ahimsa (bug-os nga waray-biyolensya) amo an nagin usa han mga gimakusog nga pilosopiya han Indian Independence Movement, ngan naghatag hi pag-aghat ha mga dirudilain nga mga movimiento para hin mga katungod sibil ngan kagawasan ha bug-os nga kalibutan. Hi Gandhi kinikilala ngan tinatawag ha India ngan ha bug-os nga kalibutan nga Mahatma Gandhi (ha Hindi: महात्मा, / IPA nga kaluwas: məhatma /; tikang han Sanskrit, Mahatma: Harangdon nga Kalag) ngan Bapu (ha damo nga mga Indianhon nga mga yinaknan, Amay o Tatay).
Mahatma Gandhi | |
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Natawo |
2 Oktubre 1869 Porbandar, Gujarat, British India[1] |
Namatay |
30 Enero 1948 (edad 78) New Delhi, Dominion of India |
Hinungdan han pagkamatay | Pagka-asasinar pinaagi hin pagkapusil |
Lubnganan |
Gin-cremate ha Rajghat, Delhi. 28°38′29″N 77°14′54″E / 28.6415°N 77.2483°E |
Nasyonalidad | Indian |
Mga lain nga ngaran | Mahatma Gandhi, Bapu, Gandhiji |
Alma mater |
Samaldas College, Bhavnagar, Inner Temple, London |
Nakilala han |
Prominente nga tawo han kagiusan han paglugaring han Indya, nagpapahayag han pilosopiya han Satyagraha ngan Ahimsa nga nagpapasiugda hin waray-pagkabiyolente, pasipismo |
Relihiyon | Hinduismo |
(Mga) asawa | Kasturba Gandhi |
Mga anak |
Harilal Manilal Ramdas Devdas Anak nga namatay ha pagkabata |
Mga kag-anak |
Putlibai Gandhi (Iroy) Karamchand Gandhi (Amay) |
Pirma |
Mga kasariganIgliwat
- ↑ Gandhi, Rajmohan (2006), pg 1-3.
- ↑ Wikisource: The Birth of Satyagraha : From The Story of my Experiments with Truth, by Mohandas K. Gandhi
Mga reperensyaIgliwat
Mga barasahonIgliwat
Panguna nga kuruhaanIgliwat
- Andrews, C. F. (2008) [1930]. "VII – The Teaching of Ahimsa". Mahatma Gandhi's Ideas Including Selections from His Writings. Pierides Press. ISBN 978-1-4437-3309-0. http://books.google.com/books?id=3EAV6JhQmgkC.
- Dalton, Dennis, ed. (1996). Mahatma Gandhi: selected political writings. Hackett Publishing. ISBN 978-0-87220-330-3. http://books.google.com/books?id=afqmUWX5yeoC.
- Duncan, Ronald, ed. (May 2011). Selected Writings of Mahatma Gandhi. Literary Licensing, LLC. ISBN 978-1-258-00907-6. http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=54615149.
- Gandhi, M. K.; Fischer, Louis (2002). Louis Fischer. ed. The essential Gandhi: an anthology of his writings on his life, work and ideas. Vintage Books. ISBN 978-1-4000-3050-7.
- Gandhi, Mohandas Karamchand (1928) (in Gujarati) (paperback). Satyagraha in South Africa (1 ed.). Ahmedabad: Navajivan Publishing House. "Translated by Valji G. Desai" Free online access at Wikilivres.ca (1/e). Pdfs from Gandhiserve (3/e) & Yann Forget (hosted by Arvind Gupta) (1/e).
- Gandhi, Mohandas Karamchand (1994). The collected works of Mahatma Gandhi. Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Govt. of India. ISBN 978-81-230-0239-2. (100 volumes). Free online access from Gandhiserve.
- Gandhi, Mohandas Karamchand (1940). An Autobiography or The Story of My Experiments With Truth (2 ed.). Ahmedabad: Navajivan Publishing House. ISBN 0-8070-5909-9. Also available at Wikisource.
- Jack, Homer A., ed. (1994). The Gandhi reader: a source book of his life and writings. Grove Press. ISBN 978-0-8021-3161-4. http://books.google.com/books?id=pjN3jZQ74AoC.
- Johnson, Richard L.; Gandhi, M. K. (2006). Gandhi's experiments with truth: essential writings by and about Mahatma Gandhi. Lexington Books. ISBN 978-0-7391-1143-7. http://books.google.com/books?id=dRQcKsx-YgQC.
- Parel, Anthony J., ed. (2009). Gandhi: 'Hind Swaraj' and Other Writings Centenary Edition. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-14602-9. http://books.google.com/books?id=oc47gUOPZfcC.
Mga websaytIgliwat
- Keen, Shirin (Spring, 1998). "The Partition of India". Emory University. Ginkuhà 16 January 2012. Check date values in:
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(help) - Sannuti, Arun (6 April 2010). "Mohandas K. Gandhi (1869–1948) – Vegetarianism: The Road to Satyagraha". International Vegetarian Union (IVU). Ginkuhà 12 January 2012.
- Smith, Colleen (1 October 2006). "Mbeki: Mahatma Gandhi Satyagraha 100th Anniversary (01/10/2006)". Speeches. http://www.polity.org.za. Ginkuhà 20 January 2012. External link in
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Mga artikulo hin JournalIgliwat
- Cribb, R. B. (1985). "The Early Political Philosophy of M. K. Gandhi, 1869-1893". Asian Profile. 13 (4): 353–360. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - Hardiman, David (April 2001). "Champaran and Gandhi: Planters, Peasants and Gandhian Politics by Jacques Pouchepadass (Review)". Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society. 11 (1): 99–101. JSTOR 25188108.
- Khan, Yasmin (2011). "Performing Peace: Gandhi's assassination as a critical moment in the consolidation of the Nehruvian state" (abstract). Modern Asian Studies. 45 (1): 57–80. doi:10.1017/S0026749X10000223. Ginkuhà 21 January 2012. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - Mohanty, Rekha (2011). "From Satya to Sadbhavna" (PDF). Orissa Review (January 2011): 45–49. Ginkuhà 23 February 2012.
- Murali, Atlury (January 1985). "Non-Cooperation in Andhra in 1920–22: Nationalist Intelligentsia and the Mobilization of Peasantry". Indian Historical Review. 12 (1/2): 188–217. ISSN 0376-9836.
- Norvell, Lyn (1997). "Gandhi and the Indian Women's Movement". British Library Journal. 23 (1): 12–27. ISSN 0305-5167.
- Prashad, Ganesh (1966). "Whiggism in India". Political Science Quarterly. 81 (3): 412–431. JSTOR 2147642. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - Sarkar, Jayabrata (18 April 2006). "Power, Hegemony and Politics: Leadership Struggle in Congress in the 1930s". Modern Asian Studies. 40 (2): 333–370. doi:10.1017/S0026749X0600179X.
- Sarma, Bina Kumari (January 1994). "Gandhian Movement and Women's Awakening in Orissa". Indian Historical Review. 21 (1/2): 78–79. ISSN 0376-9836.
- Spodek, Howard (February 1971). "On the Origins of Gandhi's Political Methodology: The Heritage of Kathiawad and Gujarat". The Journal of Asian Studies. 30 (2): 361–372. JSTOR 2942919.
Mga sumat han notisyaIgliwat
- Ferrell, David (27 September 2001). "A Little Serenity in a City of Madness" (Abstract). Los Angeles Times. pp. B 2. Ginkuhà 14 January 2012.
- Ramesh, Randeep (16 January 2008). "Gandhi's ashes to rest at sea, not in a museum". The Guardian. London. Ginkuhà 14 January 2012.
- Roberts, Andrew (26 March 2011). "Among the Hagiographers (A book review of "[[Great Soul: Mahatma Gandhi and His Struggle With India]]" by [[Joseph Lelyveld]])". BookShelf. Wall Street Journal. Ginkuhà 14 January 2012. URL–wikilink conflict (help)
- Unattributed (31 January 1948). "Of all faiths and races, together they shed their silent tears". The Indian Express. p. 5 (top centre). Ginkuhà 19 January 2012. Italic or bold markup not allowed in:
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(help) - Unattributed (1 February 1948). "Over a million get last darshan". The Indian Express. p. 1 (bottom left). Ginkuhà 19 January 2012. Italic or bold markup not allowed in:
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Mga sumpay ha gawasIgliwat
An Wikimedia Commons mayda media nga nahahanungod han: Mahatma Gandhi |