Konserbasyon han enerhiya
An balaud han konserbasyon han enerhiya amo an usa ka balaud empiriko han pisika. Sumala han balaod, an ngatanan nga enerhiya nga ginbulag nga sistem nagpapabilin nga konstant o waray pagbabag-o han pag-agi han panahon. Ginpapasabot hini nga balaod, nga an enerhiya diri nahihimo o naruruba. An puydi la mahitabo ha enerhiya ha sarado nga sistema amo la an pagbalyo an porma sugad han pagbalyo tikang ha kimikal nga enerhiya pakadto ha thermal nga enerhiya.
Pinanbasaran igliwat
Mga reperensya igliwat
Mga moderno nga akawnt igliwat
- Goldstein, Martin, and Inge F., (1993). The Refrigerator and the Universe. Harvard Univ. Press. A gentle introduction.
- Kroemer, Herbert; Kittel, Charles (1980). Thermal Physics (2nd ed.). W. H. Freeman Company. ISBN 0-7167-1088-9. https://archive.org/details/thermalphysics0000kitt.
- Nolan, Peter J. (1996). Fundamentals of College Physics, 2nd ed.. William C. Brown Publishers.
- Oxtoby & Nachtrieb (1996). Principles of Modern Chemistry, 3rd ed.. Saunders College Publishing.
- Papineau, D. (2002). Thinking about Consciousness. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://archive.org/details/thinkingaboutcon0000papi.
- Serway, Raymond A.; Jewett, John W. (2004). Physics for Scientists and Engineers (6th ed.). Brooks/Cole. ISBN 0-534-40842-7.
- Stenger, Victor J. (2000). Timeless Reality. Prometheus Books. Especially chpt. 12. Nontechnical.
- Tipler, Paul (2004). Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Mechanics, Oscillations and Waves, Thermodynamics (5th ed.). W. H. Freeman. ISBN 0-7167-0809-4. https://archive.org/details/physicsforscient0002tipl.
- Lanczos, Cornelius (1970). The Variational Principles of Mechanics. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 0-8020-1743-6.
Kasaysayan hin mga ideya igliwat
- Brown, T.M. (1965). "Resource letter EEC-1 on the evolution of energy concepts from Galileo to Helmholtz". American Journal of Physics. 33 (10): 759–765. Bibcode:1965AmJPh..33..759B. doi:10.1119/1.1970980.
- Cardwell, D.S.L. (1971). From Watt to Clausius: The Rise of Thermodynamics in the Early Industrial Age. London: Heinemann. ISBN 0-435-54150-1.
- Guillen, M. (1999). Five Equations That Changed the World. New York: Abacus. ISBN 0-349-11064-6.
- Hiebert, E.N. (1981). Historical Roots of the Principle of Conservation of Energy. Madison, Wis.: Ayer Co Pub. ISBN 0-405-13880-6.
- Kuhn, T.S. (1957) "Energy conservation as an example of simultaneous discovery", in M. Clagett (ed.) Critical Problems in the History of Science pp.321–56
- Sarton, G.; Joule, J. P.; Carnot, Sadi (1929). "The discovery of the law of conservation of energy". Isis. 13: 18–49. doi:10.1086/346430.
- Smith, C. (1998). The Science of Energy: Cultural History of Energy Physics in Victorian Britain. London: Heinemann. ISBN 0-485-11431-3.
- Mach, E. (1872). History and Root of the Principles of the Conservation of Energy. Open Court Pub. Co., Illinois. http://archive.org/details/historyandrootp00machgoog.
- Poincaré, H. (1905). Science and Hypothesis. Walter Scott Publishing Co. Ltd; Dover reprint, 1952. ISBN 0-486-60221-4. https://archive.org/details/scienceandhypoth00poinuoft., Chapter 8, "Energy and Thermo-dynamics"
Mga sumpay ha gawas igliwat
- MISN-0-158 The First Law of Thermodynamics (PDF file) by Jerzy Borysowicz for Project PHYSNET.