↑ 3.03.13.2Dickinson, Edward C., ed. (2003) , The Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World, 3rd edition
↑ 4.04.1Paynter, Raymond A. Jr., ed. (1968) , Check-list of Birds of the World, vol. 14
↑ 5.05.1American Ornithologists' Union (1957) , Check-list of North American Birds, 5th Edition
↑ 6.06.1Rising, James D. (1970) Morphological variation and evolution in some North American Orioles, Systematic Zoology, vol. 19, no.4
↑American Ornithologists' Union (1998) , Check-list of North American Birds, 7th Edition
↑American Ornithologists' Union (1995) Fortieth supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-list of North American Birds, The Auk, vol. 112, no. 3
↑Ward, David, Anna K. Lindholm, and James N. M. Smith (1996) Mutual parasitism of the Red-winged Blackbird: further experimental evidence of evolutionary lag in a common host of the Brown-headed Cowbird, The Auk, vol. 113, no. 2
↑Gill, Frank, and Minturn Wright (2006) , Birds of the World: Recommended English Names
↑Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes (2003) , Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada