↑ 2.02.12.22.32.42.52.62.72.8Lourie, S.A., A.C.J. Vincent and H.J. Hall (1999) Seahorses: an identification guide to the world's species and their conservation., Project Seahorse, London. 214 p.
↑Brown, A.E. (1979) Wonders of sea horses., Dodd, Mead & Co., New York.
↑Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.) (2009) Catalog of fishes. Updated database version of March 2009., Catalog databases as made available to FishBase in June 2007.
↑Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray (1986) A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America., Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p.
↑ 6.06.1Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (ed.) (2011). "Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist". Species 2000: Reading, UK. Ginkuhà 24 Septyembre 2012.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
↑FishBase. Froese R. & Pauly D. (eds), 14 Hunyo 2011