Eukleides
(Ginredirect tikang ha Euclid)
Hi Eukleides o Euklides (Griniyego: Εὐκλείδης — Eukleídēs; Ininglis: Euclid; Kinatsila: Euclides), fl. 300 BC, kilala liwat nga Eukleides han Alexandria, hiya an usa ka Griyego nga matematiko ngan agsob kinikilala nga "Amay han Heometrya".
Euclid | |
---|---|
Euclid ha kan Raphael Eskwelahan han Atena | |
Natawo | Waray kasabti |
Namatay | Waray kasabti |
Taga | Alexandria, Egypt |
Mga larangan | Mathematics |
Nakilala mahitungod han |
Euclidean geometry Euclid's Elements |
Pinanbasaran
igliwatMga reperensya
igliwat- "Euclid (Greek mathematician)". Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 2008. Ginkuhà 2008-04-18.
- Artmann, Benno (1999). Euclid: The Creation of Mathematics. New York: Springer. ISBN 0-387-98423-2.
- Ball, W.W. Rouse (1960) [1908]. A Short Account of the History of Mathematics (4th ed.). Dover Publications. pp. 50–62. ISBN 0-486-20630-0. https://archive.org/details/shortaccountofhi0000ball.
- Boyer, Carl B. (1991). A History of Mathematics (2nd ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.. ISBN 0-471-54397-7. https://archive.org/details/historyofmathema00boye.
- Heath, Thomas (ed.) (1956) [1908]. The Thirteen Books of Euclid's Elements. 1. Dover Publications. ISBN 0-486-60088-2.
- Heath, Thomas L. (1908), "Euclid and the Traditions About Him Ginhipos 2010-01-27 han Wayback Machine", in Euclid, Elements (Thomas L. Heath, ed. 1908), 1:1–6, at Perseus Digital Library Ginhipos 2010-01-27 han Wayback Machine.
- Heath, Thomas L. (1981). A History of Greek Mathematics, 2 Vols. New York: Dover Publications. ISBN 0-486-24073-8 / ISBN 0-486-24074-6.
- Kline, Morris (1980). Mathematics: The Loss of Certainty. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-502754-X.
- O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Euclid of Alexandria", MacTutor History of Mathematics archive, University of St Andrews.
- Proclus, A commentary on the First Book of Euclid's Elements, translated by Glenn Raymond Morrow, Princeton University Press, 1992. ISBN 978-0-691-02090-7.
- Struik, Dirk J. (1967). A Concise History of Mathematics. Dover Publications. ISBN 486-60255-9. https://archive.org/details/concisehistoryof0000stru_m6j1.
Padugang nga barasahon
igliwat- DeLacy, Estelle Allen (1963). Euclid and Geometry. New York: Franklin Watts. https://archive.org/details/immortalsofscien0000este.
- Knorr, Wilbur Richard (1975). The Evolution of the Euclidean Elements: A Study of the Theory of Incommensurable Magnitudes and Its Significance for Early Greek Geometry. Dordrecht, Holland: D. Reidel. ISBN 90-277-0509-7. https://archive.org/details/evolutionofeucli0000knor.
- Mueller, Ian (1981). Philosophy of Mathematics and Deductive Structure in Euclid's Elements. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. ISBN 0-262-13163-3. https://archive.org/details/philosophyofmath0000muel.
- Reid, Constance (1963). A Long Way from Euclid. New York: Crowell.
- Szabó, Árpád (1978). The Beginnings of Greek Mathematics. A.M. Ungar, trans. Dordrecht, Holland: D. Reidel. ISBN 90-277-0819-3.
Mga sumpay ha gawas
igliwatAn Wikimedia Commons mayda media nga nahahanungod han: Euclid |
- Euclid's Elements, All thirteen books, with interactive diagrams using Java. Clark University
- Euclid's Elements Ginhipos 2014-04-19 han Wayback Machine, with the original Greek and an English translation on facing pages (includes PDF version for printing). University of Texas.
- Euclid's Elements, books I-VI, in English pdf, in a Project Gutenberg Victorian textbook edition with diagrams.
- Euclid's Elements, All thirteen books, in several languages as Spanish, Catalan, English, German, Portuguese, Arabic, Italian, Russian and Chinese.
- Elementa Geometriae 1482, Venice. From Rare Book Room.
- Elementa 888 AD, Byzantine. From Rare Book Room.
- Euclid biography by Charlene Douglass With extensive bibliography.
- Texts on Ancient Mathematics and Mathematical Astronomy PDF scans (Note: many are very large files). Includes editions and translations of Euclid's Elements, Data, and Optica, Proclus's Commentary on Euclid, and other historical sources.