↑ 2.02.12.2Stehmann, M. (1979) Rajidae., p. 58-69. In J.C. Hureau and Th. Monod (eds.) Checklist of the fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and of the Mediterranean (CLOFNAM), UNESCO, Paris, Vol. 1.
↑ 3.03.1Stehmann, M. (1990) Rajidae., p. 29-50. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic. Junta Nacional de Investigaçao Cientifica e Tecnológica, Lisbon, Portugal. Vol. 1.
↑Bruce, J.R., J.S. Colman and N.S. Jones (1963) Marine fauna of the Isle of Man., Memoir No. 36. Liverpool University Press, Liverpool.
↑ 5.05.1McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn (1998) Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae)., Copeia (2):271-290.
↑ 6.06.1Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.) (2000) Catalog of fishes. Updated database version of November 2000., Catalog databases as made available to FishBase in November 2000.
↑ 7.07.1Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (ed.) (2011). "Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist". Species 2000: Reading, UK. Ginkuhà 24 Septyembre 2012.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
↑FishBase. Froese R. & Pauly D. (eds), 14 Hunyo 2011