- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Bauchot, M.-L. and J.-C. Hureau (1990) Sparidae., p. 790-812. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2.
- ↑ Schneider, W. (1990) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the commercial marine resources of the Gulf of Guinea., Prepared and published with the support of the FAO Regional Office for Africa. FAO, Rome. 268 p.
- ↑ Eschmeyer, W.N. (1990) Catalog of the genera of recent fishes., California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, USA. 697 p.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (ed.) (2011). "Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist". Species 2000: Reading, UK. Ginkuhà 24 Septyembre 2012.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
- ↑ FishBase. Froese R. & Pauly D. (eds), 14 Hunyo 2011
