René Descartes

Hi René Descartes (31 Marso 1596 – 11 Pebrero 1650), agsob liwat tawagon nga Renatus Cartesius (Linatin), usa hya nga Franses nga pilosopo, matematiko, syentipiko ngan manunurat nga nag-ukoy haros han iya kalagas nga kinabuhi ha Nederlandes. Ginagnayan hiya nga "Amay han Kabag-ohan nga Pilosoiya" ngan kadam-an han Katundan nga pilosopiya, mga baton ha iya mga sinurat, nga kutob yana tim-os nga ginaadman.

René Descartes
Portrait after Frans Hals, 1648
Natawo	31 Marso 1596(1596-03-31) La Haye en Touraine, Touraine (present-day Descartes, Indre-et-Loire), France
Namatay	11 Pebrero 1650 (edad 53) Stockholm, Sweden
Nasyonalidad	French
Relihiyon	Roman Catholic
Pirma
Panahon	17th-century philosophy
Relihiyon	Western Philosophy
Panhunahuna	Cartesianism, Rationalism, Foundationalism
Main interests	Metaphysics, Epistemology, Mathematics
Mga ideya nga kilala	Cogito ergo sum, method of doubt, Cartesian coordinate system, Cartesian dualism, ontological argument for the existence of Christian God; Folium of Descartes
Mga impluwensya Plato, Aristotle, Alhazen, Ghazali, Averroes, Avicenna, Anselm, St. Augustine, Aquinas, Ockham, Suarez, Mersenne, Sextus Empiricus, Michel de Montaigne, Duns Scotus [kinahanglan hin kasarigan]
Nag-impluwensya Most philosophers after including: Aflaq, Spinoza, Hobbes, Arnauld, Malebranche, Pascal, Locke, Leibniz, More, Kant, Husserl, Brunschvicg, Žižek, Chomsky, Stanley, Dirck Rembrantsz van Nierop, Durkheim

Pinanbasaran

Tinirok nga binuhatan

• 1983. Oeuvres de Descartes in 11 vols. Adam, Charles, and Tannery, Paul, eds. Paris: Librairie Philosophique J. Vrin. This work is traditionally cited with the initials AT (for Adam and Tannery) followed by a volume number in Roman numerals; thus ATVII refers to Oeuvres de Descartes volume 7.

Tinirok nga Iningles nga paghubad

• 1955. The Philosophical Works, E.S. Haldane and G.R.T. Ross, trans. Dover Publications. This work is traditionally cited with the initials HR (for Haldane and Ross) followed by a volume number in Roman numerals; thus HRII refers to volume 2 of this edition.
• 1988. The Philosophical Writings Of Descartes in 3 vols. Cottingham, J., Stoothoff, R., Kenny, A., and Murdoch, D., trans. Cambridge University Press.

Uusa nga binuhatan

Principia philosophiae, 1685

• 1618. Compendium Musicae.
• 1628. Rules for the Direction of the Mind.
• 1637. Discourse on the Method ("Discours de la Methode"). An introduction to Dioptrique, Des Météores and La Géométrie. Original in French, because intended for a wider public.
• 1637. La Géométrie. Smith, David E., and Lantham, M. L., trans., 1954. The Geometry of René Descartes. Dover.
• 1641. Meditations on First Philosophy. Cottingham, J., trans., 1996. Cambridge University Press. Latin original. Alternative English title: Metaphysical Meditations. Includes six Objections and Replies. A second edition published the following year, includes an additional Objection and Reply and a Letter to Dinet. HTML Online Latin-French-English Edition
• 1644. Les Principes de la philosophie. Miller, V. R. and R. P., trans., 1983. Principles of Philosophy. Reidel.
• 1647. Comments on a Certain Broadsheet.
• 1647. The Description of the Human Body.
• 1648. Conversation with Burman.
• 1649. Passions of the Soul. Voss, S. H., trans., 1989. Indianapolis: Hackett. Dedicated to Princess Elizabeth of Bohemia.

Sekondarya nga literatura

• Boyer, Carl (1985). A History of Mathematics. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-02391-3. https://archive.org/details/historyofmathema0000boye. 
• Carriero, John (2008). Between Two Worlds. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-13561-8. 
• Clarke, Desmond (2006). Descartes: A Biography. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-82301-3. 
• Costabel, Pierre (1987). René Descartes – Exercices pour les éléments des solides. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France. ISBN 2-13-040099-X. 
• Cottingham, John (1992). The Cambridge Companion to Descartes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-36696-8. 
• Duncan, Steven M. (2008). The Proof of the External World: Cartesian Theism and the Possibility of Knowledge. Cambridge: James Clarke & Co. ISBN 978-0-227-17267-4 http://www.lutterworth.com/jamesclarke/jc/titles/proofew.htm. 
• Farrell, John. "Demons of Descartes and Hobbes." Paranoia and Modernity: Cervantes to Rousseau (Cornell UP, 2006), chapter 7.
• Garber, Daniel (1992). Descartes' Metaphysical Physics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-28219-8. https://archive.org/details/descartesmetaphy0000garb. 
• Garber, Daniel; Michael Ayers (1998). The Cambridge History of Seventeenth-Century Philosophy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-53721-5. https://archive.org/details/nlsiu.190.9.gar.II.14700. 
• Gaukroger, Stephen (1995). Descartes: An Intellectual Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-823994-7. https://archive.org/details/descartesintelle0000gauk. 
• Giuseppe Leone, [Il quarto centenario dalla nascita di Cartesio (1596)], Una "ragione" per l'Europa Unita, in "Ricorditi di me...", su Lecco 2000, Aprile 1996.
• Grayling, A.C. (2005). Descartes: The Life and times of a Genius. New York: Walker Publishing Co., Inc.. ISBN 0-8027-1501-X. https://archive.org/details/descarteslifetim0000gray. 
• Gillespie, A. (2006). Descartes' demon: A dialogical analysis of 'Meditations on First Philosophy.'[1] Ginhipos 2010-06-18 han Wayback Machine Theory & Psychology, 16, 761–781.
• Martin Heidegger [1938] (2002) The Age of the World Picture in Off the beaten track
• Keeling, S. V. (1968). Descartes. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN. 
• Melchert, Norman (2002). The Great Conversation: A Historical Introduction to Philosophy. New York: McGraw Hill. ISBN 0-19-517510-7. https://archive.org/details/greatconversatio00norm. 
• Moreno Romo, Juan Carlos (Coord.), Descartes vivo. Ejercicios de hermenéutica cartesiana, Anthropos, Barcelona, 2007'
• Ozaki, Makoto (1991). Kartenspiel, oder Kommentar zu den Meditationen des Herrn Descartes. Berlin: Klein Verlag.. ISBN 3-927199-01-X. 
• Moreno Romo, Juan Carlos, Vindicación del cartesianismo radical, Anthropos, Barcelona, 2010.
• Schäfer, Rainer (2006). Zweifel und Sein – Der Ursprung des modernen Selbstbewusstseins in Descartes' cogito. Wuerzburg: Koenigshausen&Neumann. ISBN 3-8260-3202-0. 
• Serfati, M., 2005, "Geometria" in Ivor Grattan-Guinness, ed., Landmark Writings in Western Mathematics. Elsevier: 1–22.
• Sorrell, Tom (1987). Descartes. Oxford: Oxford University Press.. ISBN 0-19-287636-8. 
• Vrooman, Jack Rochford (1970). René Descartes: A Biography. Putnam Press. https://archive.org/details/renedescartesbio00vroo. 
• Watson, Richard A. (31 Marso 2012). "René Descartes". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. Ginkuhà 31 Marso 2012.
• Naaman-Zauderer, Noa (2010). Descartes' Deontological Turn: Reason, Will and Virtue in the Later Writings. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-76330-1. https://archive.org/details/descartesdeo_naam_2010_000_10456381. 

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Bidyo

• Bernard Williams interviewed about Descartes on "Men of ideas"
• René Descartes at Find a Grave

Kasahiran

• Detailed biography of Descartes
• "René Descartes" in the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia.
• Descartes featured on the 100 French Franc banknote from 1942.
• More easily readable versions of Meditations, Objections and Replies, Principles of Philosophy, Discourse on the Method, Correspondence with Princess Elisabeth, and Passions of the Soul.
• 1984 John Cottingham translation of Meditations and Objections and Replies.
• René Descartes (1596–1650) Published in Encyclopedia of Rhetoric and Composition (1996)
• Original texts of René Descartes in French Ginhipos 2011-08-30 han Wayback Machine at La Philosophie
• Descartes Philosophical Writings tr. by Norman Kemp Smith at archive.org
• Studies in the Cartesian philosophy (1902) by Norman Kemp Smith at archive.org
• The Philosophical Works Of Descartes Volume II (1934) at archive.org
• Works by or about René Descartes in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
• Mga libre nga score ni René Descartes ha International Music Score Library Project
• René Descartes (1596—1650): Overview(IEP)
• René Descartes:The Mind-Body Distinction(IEP)
• Cartesian skepticism(DEP)

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

• René Descartes
• Descartes' Epistemology
• Descartes' Ethics
• Descartes' Life and Works
• Descartes' Modal Metaphysics
• Descartes' Ontological Argument
• Descartes and the Pineal Gland
• Descartes' Physics
• Descartes' Theory of Ideas